| PAS_1 |
"Bovine ephemeral fever (or 3-day sickness) is an acute febrile illness of cattle and water buffaloes. Caused by an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus, bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), the disease occurs seasonally over a vast expanse of the globe encompassing much of Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Australia. Although mortality rates are typically low, infection prevalence and morbidity rates during outbreaks are often very high, causing serious economic impacts through loss of milk production, poor cattle condition at sale and loss of traction power at harvest. There are also significant impacts on trade to regions in which the disease does not occur, including the Americas and most of Europe. In recent years, unusually severe outbreaks of bovine ephemeral fever have been reported from several regions in Asia and the Middle East, with mortality rates through disease or culling in excess of 10–20%. There are also concerns that, like other vector-borne diseases of livestock, the geographic distribution of bovine ephemeral fever could expand into regions that have historically been free of the disease. Here, we review current knowledge of the virus, including its molecular and antigenic structure, and the epidemiology of the disease across its entire geographic range. We also discuss the effectiveness of vaccination and other strategies to prevent or control infection." - https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13567-015-0262-4 |
| PAS_2 |
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| Agro Ecological Zone |
Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) North Gujarat plain (Inclusive of Aravalli range and East Rajasthan Uplands) hot, dry, semi – arid eco-subregion (4.2), Agro-Climatic Zone (Planning Commission) Gujarat Plains and Hills Region (XIII) , Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) North Gujarat Agroclimatic zone (GJ-4) |
| Disease Symptoms / Clinical Signs |
biphasic to polyphasic fever (40°–42°C [104°–107.6°F])
shivering.
inappetence.
tearing.
serous nasal discharge.
drooling.
pulmonary emphysema.
increased heart rate. |
| Disease Description |
Bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease of cattle and water buffalo that causes milk production losses, recumbency, and sometimes death. Diagnosis is mostly performed by PCR. Treatment includes administration of NSAIDs, accompanied by supportive care to recumbent cows. |
| Disease Control |
Bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease of cattle and water buffalo that causes milk production losses, recumbency, and sometimes death. Diagnosis is mostly performed by PCR. |
| Disease Prevention |
Ultravac BEF (from Zoetis) - is a vaccine to prevent bovine ephemeral fever |
| Precautions |
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| Procedure of Use |
Ephemeral fever is a viral disease. Animal seizes with fever for three days. Body joints become stiff and as a result it limps and is unable to stand up. Milk production decreases in milch animals. Ears and horns also feel warm. As a remedy, about 15 g to 20 g black pepper (Piper nigrum) is pounded and is mixed in one litre of milk. This concoction is drenched to the animal. Animal gets relief within two to three hours. Animal is totally cured within two to three days by this treatment.
Black peeper contains fever subsiding properties. It destroys bacteria and viruses. Black peeper is understood to have properties that cures stiffness due to viral fever like ephemeral fever |
| Etiology Causative Agent |
Bovine ephemeral fever is a disease of cattle and water buffalo caused by a rhabdovirus and transmitted by flying, biting insects. Because of the inflammatory nature of the disease, NSAIDs are very effective at relieving clinical signs and pain. Vaccine effectiveness varies. |
| Global Context |
Spread world wide |
| Lesson Implication |
polyserositis affecting pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal surfaces. |
| Other Medications / Treatments |
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| Limitations of Approaches |
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| Other Community Practices |
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| Practice ID |
DTP0010000002834 |
| Reference |
lok (5) 4, Jul-Aug-2000, Pg No. 8 |
| Annotation ID |
GIAN/GAVL/1186 |
| Reference |
lok (5) 4, Jul-Aug-2000, Pg No. 8 |
| Scout |
HBN |
Honey Bee Network Knowledge & Innovation Database (HBNKIND)