Practice Name:

Retention of Placenta in Animal

Affected Animal	Cattle
Affected Animal (Scientific Name)	Bos Taurus
Affected Animal (Taxonomy)	Bovidae
Affected Animal (Vernacular)	Gai, Gau
Category	Veterinary Care
Disease	Placental
Disease Attak Stage	At any stage
Disease Common Name	Placental
Disease Group	Abnormal Placentation in Preeclampsia
Disease Distribution	It has worldwide occurrence.

Innovator / Knowledge Provider	Ranabhai Hamirbhai
City / District	Bhavnagar
KVK District	Krishi Vigyan Kendra, At- Lok Bharati Sanosara, Ta- Sinhor, Dist.-Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
Address	Randhola , Umrala , Bhavnagar , Gujarat
Languages Spoken	Gujarati
Vocation	Farmer
State	Gujarat
PIN Code	364230

PAS_1	"Use of ethno-veterinary medicine for therapy of reproductive disorders in cattle" - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341130369_Use_of_ethno-veterinary_medicine_for_therapy_of_reproductive_disorders_in_cattle
PAS_2
Agro Ecological Zone	Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Central Highlands (Malwa), Gujarat Plain (5.1) , Agro-Climatic Zone (Planning Commission) Gujarat Plains and hills region (XIII), Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) North Saurashtra, South Saurashtra (GJ-6,GJ-7)
Disease Symptoms / Clinical Signs	"A portion of the fetal membranes hang from the vulva 12 hours or more even after the expulsion of the foetus. Anorexia and depression may develop. A fetid odour develops since the placenta begins to macerate after 24 hours of foetal expulsion." https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/expert_system/cattlebuffalo/Obstetrics%20and%20Gynecological%20conditions.html#:~:text=Symptoms-,Clinical%20symptoms,24%20hours%20of%20foetal%20expulsion.
Disease Description	A placental disease is any disease, disorder, or pathology of the placenta. Ischemic placental disease leads to the attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall to become under-perfused, causing uteroplacental ischemia.
Disease Control	"Trimming of excess tissue that is objectionable to animal handlers and contributes to gross contamination of the genital tract is permissible. Untreated cows expel the membranes in 2-11 days, with 40 per cent of cases requiring no treatment. Early use of antibiotics may also slow down the release of the membrane - https://www.thecattlesite.com/diseaseinfo/232/retained-placenta
Disease Prevention	"Having your cows in proper body condition, with good nutrition and good health are the best prevention. “An abortion or early calf is probably the highest risk for retained placenta,” says Daly. “Twins often come a bit early, and even when they don't come early, twins are another reason a cow might retain the placenta." https://www.tsln.com/news/veterinarians-now-recommend-leaving-a-retained-placenta-alone-to-avoid-harming-uterus/
Precautions
Procedure of Use	After delivery in animal, release of placenta is a must. If placenta is retend, it decays inside. By feeding the animal 25 g Carom (Carum copticum) and one bulb of onion (Allium cepa) placenta will be released in short time. The practice is effective and has no side effects. This is traditional practice learnt from forefathers.
Etiology Causative Agent	diabetes, chronic blood pressure and multiple pregnancies
Global Context	Spread world wide
Lesson Implication	"A portion of the fetal membranes hang from the vulva 12 hours or more even after the expulsion of the foetus. Anorexia and depression may develop. A fetid odour develops since the placenta begins to macerate after 24 hours of foetal expulsion." https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/expert_system/cattlebuffalo/Obstetrics%20and%20Gynecological%20conditions.html#:~:text=Symptoms-,Clinical%20symptoms,24%20hours%20of%20foetal%20expulsion.
Other Medications / Treatments
Limitations of Approaches
Other Community Practices
Practice ID	DTP0010000002978
Reference	dahod
Annotation ID	GIAN/GAVL/1227
Reference	dahod
Scout	HBN