Practice Name:

Ephemeral Fever in Animal

Affected Animal	Cattle
Affected Animal (Scientific Name)	Bos Taurus
Affected Animal (Taxonomy)	Bovidae
Affected Animal (Vernacular)	Gai, Gau
Category	Veterinary Care
Disease	Ephemeral fever
Disease Attak Stage	All age group of cattle are susceptible but the disease is more common in age group of 6-24 months.
Disease Common Name	3 Day sickness
Disease Group
Disease Distribution	Worldwide

Innovator / Knowledge Provider	Gordhanbhai Jinabhai Bhayani
City / District	Amreli
KVK District	Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Amreli
Address	Babara
Languages Spoken	Gujarati
Vocation	Farmer
State	Gujarat
PIN Code	365601

PAS_1
PAS_2
Agro Ecological Zone	Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Central Highlands (Malwa), Gujarat Plain And Kathiawar Peninsula, Semi-Arid Eco- Region (5.3) , Agro-Climatic Zone (Planning Commission) Gujrat Plains And Hills Region (XIII) ,Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) North Saurashtra (GJ-6) South Saurashtra (GJ-7)
Disease Symptoms / Clinical Signs	Mild cases include: fever (105-107 F), discharge from eyes and nose, muscle tremor, temporary lameness. Moderate cases inludes: animals lying down, subcutaneous edema, joint swelling, loss of appetite, depression, loss of rumen motility. Severe cases includes: muscle stiffness, drag feet when forced to walk, lying down (3 days), paralysis of limbs, may lead to coma and death
Disease Description	Valo is a noncontagious epizooticarthropod born viral disease. It affects mostly cattle and water buffalo.It is characterized by sudden onset of fever, depression, stiffness, lameness and rapid recovery.
Disease Control	Vector control
Disease Prevention	By vaccination (attenuated live virus vaccine).
Precautions
Procedure of Use	According to Gordhanbhai Bhayani of Amreli in Gujarat, 80 to 85 per cent of the farmers in the region use the extract of the drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) to prevent ordinary fevers from worsening into ephemeral fever that invariably kills the animal. Break off a medium-sized green branch of the drumstick tree and wash it clean. Pound the entire branch, including the leaves, twigs, withes and shoots, to obtain 250 to 500 millilitres of extract. Dilute with half a litre of water and add a liberal dose of salt. Drench the ailing animal with the solution.
Etiology Causative Agent	Disease caused by Bovie ephemeral fever virus of genus Ephemerovirus of family Rhabdoviridae. It having genome of unsegmented, linear, negetive sense RNA. It is bullet shaped virus.
Global Context	Ephemeral fever in livestock animals is spread worldwide. It is very common in young animal than adut animal
Lesson Implication	Small amount of fibrin rich fluid in pleural cavity, peritonial cavity, pericardial cavity and joint capsule. Synovial surfaces of the spine may have fibrin plaques. Lungs have patchy edema. Lymphadenitis. Focal necrosis can be seen in major muscle group.
Other Medications / Treatments	In severe cases: 1) Anti-inflammatory drugs: NSAIDs. 2) Fluid therapy and calcium. 3) Broad spectrum antibiotics
Limitations of Approaches
Other Community Practices
Practice ID	DTP0010000003632
Reference	HBN database
Annotation ID	GIAN/GAVL/2129
Reference	HBN database
Scout	HBN