Practice Name:

Diarrhoea in Animal

Affected Animal	Cattle
Affected Animal (Scientific Name)	Bos Taurus
Affected Animal (Taxonomy)	Bovidae
Affected Animal (Vernacular)	Gai, Gau
Category	Veterinary Care
Disease	Diarrhoea
Disease Attak Stage	Diarrhoea is a common complaint in youne calves (particularly in the first few months of life)
Disease Common Name	Diarrhoea
Disease Group	Digestive disease
Disease Distribution	Worldwide

Innovator / Knowledge Provider	Maltiben Joitaram Chowdhary
City / District	Gandhinagar
KVK District	Krushi Vigyan Kendra, Gujarat Vidyapeeth Randheja,Ta. Gandhinagar
Address	Kalol , Gandhinagar , Gujarat
Languages Spoken	Gujarati
Vocation	Farmer
State	Gujarat
PIN Code	382010

PAS_1	"For treatment of diarrhoea in animal, the Manabhai of district Dahod uses 50 g bark of each of mahuva (Madhuca indica), teak (Tectona grandis), white murdah (Terminalia arjuna), neem (Azadirachta indica) and bustard teak (Buteau monosperma). He pounds all the five types of barks to fine powder and adds 1 L to it."
PAS_2
Agro Ecological Zone	Northern Plain (And Central Highlands) Including Aravallis, Hot Semi-Arid Eco,Gujarat Plains and Hills Region (XIII),North Gujarat Zone (GJ-4)
Disease Symptoms / Clinical Signs	Animals with diarrhoea have certain symptoms like: Lose water and salt from their bodies, Animals become weak and thin, Loss of appetite, Lose watery feaces contains mucous and sometimes blood comes along with feaces, Loss of milk production and animals can die if treatment gets delayed
Disease Description	Diarrhoea is a multifactorial disease entity that can have serious financial and animal welfare implications in dairy herds. It has been estimated that 75% of early calf mortality in dairy herds is caused by acute diarrhoea in the pre-weaning period.
Disease Control
Disease Prevention	Reversing dehydration by providing fluids (replacement electrolytes), meeting energy requirements (milk feeds or energy supplements), providing intestinal protectants such as kaolin, providing a warm, dry environment for the calf.
Precautions	Maintain food quality in animal as well as maintain hygienic condition in herd.
Procedure of Use	For treatment of diarrhoea in animal, seeds of "karingada" [wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)] are collected and ground to powder. Proportionate measure of jaggery and edible oil are added to the powder to prepare sweet balls ("laddus") and two balls are fed to the animal, three times in single day. This cures diarrhoea in animal. Besides this, juice extracted from custard apple (Annona squamosa) leaves is also effective in curing diarrhoea in animal.
Etiology Causative Agent	Where diarrhoea is the most obvious sign, the primary causes can be thought of broadly in two different groups, nutritional and infectious. 1) Nutritional causes include: acidosis (e.g. grain overload), lush green feed, cobalt or selenium deficiency, copper deficiency or toxicity. 2) Infectious causes include: worms viruses (e.g. bovine viral diarrhoea virus), bacteria (e.g. Salmonella or Yersinia). It is important to remember that some infectious causes of diarrhoea, such as Salmonella and Yersinia, can potentially affect humans. Always practise high levels of hygiene when dealing with sick cattle.
Global Context	Diarrhoea in calves spreads worldwide. It is more common in young animals than adult animals.
Lesson Implication
Other Medications / Treatments	Norfloxacin and Tinidazole is found to be most effective treatment in bacterial and protozoal diarrhoea.
Limitations of Approaches
Other Community Practices
Practice ID	DTP0010000006094
Reference	HBN database
Annotation ID	GIAN/GAVL/2221
Reference	HBN database
Scout	HBN